Ƙarfe tsarin tsara tsarin

Gabatarwa

Ana samar da sifofin ƙarfe daga firam ɗin kwarangwal wanda ya ƙunshi ginshiƙai a tsaye, katako a kwance da sauransu waɗanda aka yi daga kayan ƙarfe, riveted, welded ko kuma a kulle tare, sau da yawa a cikin grid na rectilinear.Ana amfani da tsarin ƙarfe yawanci don matsakaici da tsayi, masana'antu, ɗakunan ajiya da gine-ginen zama.

Amfanin tsarin karfe sun haɗa da:

Juriya ga girgizar ƙasa da lodin iska.Sauƙin gini da rushewa.Ƙarfin lokacin gini.Juriya ga wuta lokacin da aka bi da shi.Za'a iya amfani da shi tare da sauran nau'o'in gine-gine.Sauƙi don haɗawa.High daidaici. Ƙirƙirar waje.Maɗaukakin ƙarfi zuwa nauyi da ƙarfi zuwa girma a sanya a fallasa

Tsarin tsarin ƙarfe

Babban abubuwan gine-ginen ƙarfe sun haɗa da bango, benaye, rufi da membobin takalmin gyaran kafa za a iya shirya su don samun wani nau'in tsarin da ke taimakawa ga daidaiton tsarin ginin ya danganta da nau'in ko amfani da ginin, yanayi da ƙarfin abin da ake amfani da shi. lodi da rayuwar zane da ake buƙata

Ƙarƙashin bango

Ƙaƙwalwar bangon bango ya haɗa da gina bangon katako a kewaye da ciki da ginin kuma ana sanya membobin ginin ƙarfe a bangon ginin ta hanyar amfani da faranti na ƙarfe da ƙarewa da anka.Ƙira da gina ginin bangon bango ya dogara da nauyin nauyin nauyi da nisa tsakanin goyon baya masu zuwa.

Yayin da ƙananan igiyoyi masu zurfi suna taimakawa wajen haɓaka tsayin ɗaki mai tsabta na ginin kuma yana haifar da buƙatu don kusancin ginshiƙan kuma don haka yana iyakance sararin fili na bene.A gefe guda manyan firam ɗin katako mai zurfi suna taimakawa tazara mai nisa.

Tsarin kwarangwal

Wannan shi ne shafi-katako tsarin tsarin tsarin, wanda duk a kaikaice da nauyi lodi ana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa karfe tsarin da canjawa wuri zuwa tushe.Ana yin bango a matsayin bangon labule ba tare da ɗaukar kaya ba.Firam ɗin kwarangwal yawanci ya ƙunshi katako na spandrel, babba ko na farko, katako na tsaka-tsaki ko na biyu, ginshiƙan bango da ginshiƙan ciki da kuma ƙwanƙwasa shingen kankare.Don haɗin kai tsakanin ginshiƙai da katako akwai dabaru da yawa da suka haɗa da yin amfani da maƙallan ƙarfe, faranti na gusset da haunches waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen rarraba matsalolin da aka jawo.Shims suna taimakawa wajen yin layi da gyare-gyaren haɓakawa.Bakin kusurwa na Shelve yana taimakawa wajen haɗa katakon spandrel da ginshiƙi.

Tsawon lokaci mai tsayi

Tsawon tsayi shine tazarar da ta wuce mita 12.Yana taimakawa wajen samar da sararin bene mai sassauƙa, ginshiƙi kyauta na ciki, raguwa a cikin lokacin ginin kan layi, yana ba da damar shigar da ayyuka da yawa da amfani da gauraye.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi don manyan gine-ginen masana'antu, dakunan taro, wuraren wasan kwaikwayo, wuraren nuni da sauransu.

Ana amfani da dabaru masu zuwa;stub girders, hunched composite biams, composite trusses, cantilever suspensions spans, folded plates, curvilinear grids, bakin ciki harsashi domes, na USB networks, sarari trusses, portal Frames da sauransu.

Masu girki

Waɗannan katakon ƙarfe ne mai zurfi waɗanda ke taimakawa tazara mai nisa.Tsawon tsayin daka ya danganta da girman girdar karfe da zurfin zurfin rabo.Ana shigar da ginshiƙai ta hanyoyi daban-daban akwai ɗorawa masu ɗorewa waɗanda ke tsayin tsayin daka a cikin gine-ginen da ake haɗa su da manyan ginshiƙai da ginshiƙan haɗaɗɗiyar waɗannan su ne ginshiƙan da aka yi amfani da su waɗanda aka ƙera don ɗaukar nauyin lodi mafi girma ta ƙari na sassa na welded a sama da ƙasa duka. flanges.

Tsuntsaye

Tsuntsaye suna da fa'idar yin nisa mai nisa saboda zurfin zurfin da suke da shi yana sa su taurin kai.Nau'o'in trusses da ake amfani da su na dogon lokaci sun haɗa da Pratt trusses, Warren Trusses, Fink Trusses, Scissors, Baka String da Vierendeel Trusses.Don ƙarin bayani duba: Truss.

Ana iya amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan truss azaman babban membobi masu goyan baya a cikin tsarin shimfidar bene da rufin.

Tsage-tsare

Dole ne a yi nazari sosai a kan ma'aunin tsayin daka a cikin haɗin ginshiƙan katako.A cikin firam masu tsattsauran ra'ayi an tsara haɗin kai don ɗaukar lokacin lanƙwasawa da ƙarfi.An ƙera su azaman cikakkun firam ɗin ci gaba ta cikin tsayin duka da tsayi idan babu hinges ko fil a cikin rawanin da tsakiyar tazara.

Manya-manyan tushe masu ƙarfi suna taimakawa don ɗauka da rarraba lokacin da yanke zuwa ƙasa.Don dalilai na tattalin arziki yakamata a duba yanayin ƙasa saboda zai iya haifar da tsadar tushe a cikin yanayin ƙasa mara kyau.

Arches

Ana iya yin arches a matsayin ƙwanƙwasa baka ko buɗaɗɗen mabuɗin gidan yanar gizo, maɗaukaki uku, maɗaukaki biyu ko kafaffen baka.Waɗannan sun dogara ne da nau'in kayan aikin da za a yi amfani da su, ƙarfin ƙarfi, ɗaki, amfani da gini, nau'in tushe da yanayin lodi.

Bakin maɗaukaki guda uku na iya taimakawa wajen yin nisa mai nisa ko da akwai yanayi mara kyau kamar rashin kyawun yanayi, kayan da aka yi lodi da sauransu.Maƙallan maƙallan biyu ba su da ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da sifofi masu maɗaukaki uku.Ana amfani da kafaffen arches a cikin gine-gine tare da nauyin nauyi da kuma yanayin ƙasa mai kyau.